<img class=jc-formula data-tex=A src=https://huaweicloudobs.ahjxjy.cn/53F870B8D448BB3DB08A67264B6329F9.png style=vertical-align: middle;/>为<img class=jc-formula data-tex=n src=https://huaweicloudobs.ahjxjy.cn/6593C84B94B8062EB35F270378D7D9B6.png style=vertical-align: middle;/>阶矩阵,<img class=jc-formula data-tex={ A }^{ T } src=https://huaweicloudobs.ahjxjy.cn/178232F88F2C6F03375305FE1EDCE58E.png style=vertical-align: middle;/>与<img class=jc-formula data-tex=A src=https://huaweicloudobs.ahjxjy.cn/53F870B8D448BB3DB08A67264B6329F9.png style=vertical-align: middle;/>的特征值相同.